Medieval the feudal system was a rigid hierarchy defined by overarching power relations. At the top stood the monarch, wielding supreme authority over his lands. Beneath him, a layered chain of lords swore fealty and provided military support in exchange for privileges. Each tier possessed its own rank, burdened by a strict code of conduct. The vas

Wallerstein’s function was centred about the period when European capitalism to start with extended alone to Africa as well as the Americas, but he emphasized that entire world-methods theory could possibly be placed on earlier systems that Europeans didn't dominate. Formal meetings of elected Associates have been suspended in the course of the